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minimum wage covers only 16% of the basic: UNAM study

La Jornada Online

Patricia Muñoz

A report from the School of Economics says that 67 percent of workers are in a situation of "working poverty", earning less than two minimum wages.

Mexico City. Faculty of Economics, UNAM delivered on Thursday its research report on wages of workers in manufacturing, which provides that the minimum wage is available currently only 16 percent of a market basket.

The report also contradicts the information given by the National Commission on Minimum Wage there is virtually no workers earning the minimum to indicate there are currently 10 million 78 thousand people in Mexico who do not receive salary or earn up to minimum wage and that this figure represents the "23.9 percent of the working population."

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there is another 9 million 569 thousand workers earning up to two minisalarios. Ie 67 percent of all employed persons are in this condition of "working poverty."

the report also indicates that Mexicans have had to increase the number of hours worked to acquire the basic basket and this represents a real systematic deterioration of the quality of life, as more than 12 million 845 thousand people work more than 48 hours per week.

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MISERABLE AND THE MINIMUM WAGE TO DEFEND FREE Whining

Pedro Echeverria V.

1. The 4 percent increase in the minimum wage reaches 2 pesos to 2 cents a day. Members of the Broad Progressive Front rejected by "unworthy" notice of the authorities of the Ministry of Labour. He said that increased minimum wages will be in line with expected inflation for 2008, placing it at 3.8 percent. 2 weights on average than the official said not even enough to buy a sweet bread. According to INEGI, 5 million 273 thousand workers earn the minimum wages of 50 pesos a day to 8 million 660 thousand won from one to two newspapers. That is, 13 million 933 thousand people, representing 32.5 percent of the total economically active in Mexico, living on a subsistence wage system. According to the Faculty of Economics at UNAM, the cost of basic food basket recommended amounts to 100 pesos and 69 cents.

2. The law establishing the "minimum wage" enacted in 1931 was very fair in that moment when the country's workers suffered the great global economic crisis 29. "The minimum wage under the law under Article 90, is the smallest amount to be paid in cash the worker in a day's work. Should be sufficient to meet the normal requirements of a householder in the material, social and cultural and to provide compulsory education to their children. " With that minisalario supposed you could buy the basic basket of food and should have money left over for items that did not contain the basket, social and cultural needs and education of children. Today the minimum wage is 50 pesos (11 pesos U.S. dollars), or twice the minimum wage enough to the basket, except for the "normal requirements in the material, social and cultural."

3. What many workers are formal or informal? I must say that in Mexico there has been a high unemployment that 40 percent of revenue come from informal work without benefits and bonus, medical, vacation or retirement. Those who have formal employment, which could be 60 percent of the labor force wages are less than a minimum, the minimum and a percentage of minimum and medium. Overall average: 50 pesos a day (4.5 dollars) to reach only half basket calculated at 100 pesos. But of course there is a small sector of workers in these conditions could be privileged workers with five to ten minimum wages and government officials ranging from 200 to 300 minimum wages. The latter are those that make minimum wage commission composed of representatives of employers, representative charro unions and government representatives. The three sectors achieve unanimity. Read

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With the current government, the worst decline in the purchasing power of workers

Patricia Muñoz Rios

the basket this year increased seven times faster than wages, according to an analysis prepared by the Coalition of National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics, and indicates that the first results of the government of Felipe Calderón presented the biggest drop in purchasing power in recent decades.

In research on the behavior of wages, the organization explains that according to the Federal Consumer Protection Agency (Profeco), in the first year of the reign of Felipe Calderón's basic basket of 42 products price rose 35 percent, while wages rose on average by 5 percent.

is, was 700 percent higher than the increase in core prices, compared with workers who had wages in the country.

indicates that the average minimum wage this year is 48.88 pesos per day, but at the beginning of the period of the PAN governments stood at 35.12, ie, throughout this period the minisalario only increased by 9.76 pesos, weighing an average of 40 cents per year.

The trouble is that this trend is expected to continue throughout the Calderon government, ie there will be increases to the minimum of just one dollar and cents, says the analysis prepared by the leader of this coalition, Farina Francisco Tamez.

analyst argues that the minimum wage increase for 2008 and was "pulverized" before it is applied, due to rising prices that has occurred in the last month of the year. "The slope of January, started from the end of November this year," and some of the basic food products reported increases of up to 300 percent. Read full story

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Silence in Tamaulipas

Eduardo Ibarra Aguirre

To Eugenio Hernandez Flores, Governor of Tamaulipas and prominent ally of Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa and Elba Esther Gordillo Morales, "The well-behaved people who have nothing to fear "against drug trafficking, particularly the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas, and organized crime.

Naturally, the Tamaulipas not bother to explain to the reporter Jorge Carrasco Araizaga what should understand citizenship for good behavior in the northern state. And he insists against colleague Process (16-XII-07, pp. 17-19) in their definitions cantinflescas:

"With good people, no. Maybe the criminals have any influence (drug traffickers), but to society, no. " Surely

Juan Antonio Guajardo Anzaldua, candidate for mayor of Rio Bravo, the Labour Party, was killed on November 29th along with five other people, including two federal agents guarding him, after disruption of telecommunications in the area the assassination, not part of the political establishment of "good people." Continue reading

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GLOBAL CALL TO LIMIT GOVERNMENT SUED FOR DRINKS ADVERTISING

Two different companies, the same shit

Dozens of organizations around the world call on governments and health ministries and to restrict the advertising of soft drinks and other beverages with high caloric density, linked to the obesity epidemic affecting children at global.La Campaign to Overcome Global Soft Drinks ", focusing on transnational corporations Coca Cola and PepsiCo, is suing to compel governments companies:

1 .- Stop all advertising drinks with high sugar content to children under 16, including print and electronic advertising, display advertising in retail outlets, internet, cell phones, sponsorship of sporting events, use of the mark on other products and events promotion packaging and any advertising that may affect the eating habits of children.

2 .- Stop selling sweetened beverages, including sports drinks, sweetened juices and teas, in all public and private schools (elementary, middle and high), beverages that are recommended for schools are water, mineral water and natural fruit juices in 250 ml or less. It requires that schools have drinking water.

3 .- Do not sponsor programs and health and physical activity within schools, using their brand colors and logos, avoiding strengthen, directly or indirectly, the presence of its brands among schoolchildren. Recently, with the support and presence of Secretary of Public Education (SEP), Josefina Vazquez Mota, PepsiCo launched its Coca Cola Live Healthy and Welfare Movement campaign to strengthen its presence in children's environment. Inexplicably, the SEP these actions strengthened strategies of PepsiCo and Coca Cola to position their products in the school environment

4 .- Increase advocacy for the consumption of water and drinks with low sugar content and selling products with high sugar content in smaller portions. Read

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Chavez revealed that the FARC would be released to a group of detainees, including Ingrid Betancourt, when Uribe suspended the talks

Rebellion

President, Hugo Chavez, the output of an act related to inauguration of Cristina Kirchner Argentina's new president, said he was distressed at having suspended its mediation in the search for a humanitarian exchange of hostages held captive by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

From the Congress of the Nation in Buenos Aires, the head of state was asked about the issue of the humanitarian agreement and said that "about pain I have is I do not want to talk about it publicly, just keep working, I have is a big pain in my heart because I was almost done in accordance with Marulanda. "

"Unfortunately the government of Colombia threw the table to the floor and what they charge is a pain the soul, "he said.

noted that already for Christmas or New Year" I was almost certain that Marulanda was going to deliver a first group of hostages including Ingrid Betancourt. "

"In Colombia we say to the families of abductees say that I will continue working," said Chavez.

stated that "the U.S. simply did not want, not something I'm looking prominence only asked me support human overcoat.

However, he reflected and gave samples of his work still continues, "we were about to do, now is not to say anything that might interfere. I will talk this afternoon with Prime Minister of France to see that message could be French President, and had talked with the same day the government of Colombia kick the table and end up with a formula that had great potential to yield results as we gave them later, which came about evidence of life. "

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The narco People there still

Process Weekly


Ricardo Ravelo
The President Felipe Calderon's war against drug trafficking, amid strong seizures and some arrests, has not altered the drug business, which continues to grow in the country with some warning signs: police of at least 20 entities protect drug dealers, cartel battles have already cost about 2 thousand 500 executions with unprecedented cruelty. And while the military collected drugs on the streets, police agencies responsible for national security languished amid layoffs, disputes and ineffectiveness ...

12 months of Felipe Calderon assumed the presidency of Republic and declared war on drugs, the balance is not only negative but alarming violence has increased in the country, changes and rotation of all police commanders have served, and the complicity of the police organized crime are narrowing in most institutions.

Despite the large drug seizures and the arrest of some people drug-actions that the government has held at every opportunity ", cocaine and other alkaloids enter in large quantities by the customs, ports and airports , so that the campaign launched by the federal government has not altered the drug business.

cartels operating in the country-of Juarez, Sinaloa, Gulf and Tijuana, with all its ramifications-stable 'structures, however, that the Attorney General of Republic (PGR) and the Secretariat of Public Security argue that they have been beaten and weakened. The truth is that the main arteries of organized crime operating in almost all the national territory with the protection of the police.

Meanwhile, changes in control Secretariat of Public Security and the strategies of its owner, Genaro García Luna, have already proved their ineffectiveness. And the president's promise to restore "the living spaces for the company" has not been fulfilled: the shootings and executions are multiplying everywhere and the people tremble.

In the first year of the reign of Felipe Calderon in the country have committed, according to official figures, just over 2 thousand 500 executions, most of which remain unpunished.

These first began 12 months ending as: agitated by organized crime, as was confirmed just last Thursday, November 29, the day of terror that lived states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosi and Hidalgo.

In Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, were executed six people, including Juan Antonio Guajardo Anzaldua, who was a senator of the Republic , federal and local MP and two time mayor of the municipality, "days after have reported that organized crime had infiltrated the state's electoral process and severely questioned after the governor of Tamaulipas, Eugenio Hernández, for his alleged links with drug traffickers.

Guajardo Anzaldúa was a vocal critic of the men of power in Tamaulipas had stated, on several occasions, the former Governor Tomás Yarrington was related to the Gulf cartel and the entity's current attorney, Jose Guadalupe Herrera, "serves the interests of the cartel ", it has two brothers who operate in that criminal organization (Proceso 1610).

weeks ago, Guajardo received death threats. Thus the PGR assigned four bodyguards of the AFI for protection, but the afternoon of Thursday, when he arrived at the restaurant La Rockola owned by his sister, was killed with five others, two of whom were federal agents and two other close associates.

In San Luis Potosi were executed five people in the historic center, by an armed group that clashed with the police. Among those killed were two bodyguards of entrepreneur Roberto García Navarro, owner of Canel's gum company, who allegedly tried to kidnap.

the same day, in Hidalgo, were found the bodies of five people inside a van parked on the shoulder of the Mexico-Laredo, in the municipality of Ixmiquilpan. The dead had his mouth covered with masking tape and were bound hand and foot.

In its war against drug traffickers, President Felipe Calderon has an enemy entrenched in the power structure: the police. According to the PGR consulted , investigations are underway, others arrested have been consigned to the federal courts-that reveal the linkages of the police forces in drug trafficking in more than 20 states, mainly in those entities seat or brokers who are the drug cartels.

most critical cases are Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Baja California, Michoacan, Jalisco, Campeche, Tabasco, where, according to official data, the armed group Los Zetas and the Sinaloa cartel members work directly with some police commanders, state and municipal.

Explosive and without dikes that contain the drug trafficking and violence resulting from this activity is even worse, as in the first months in office, although President Calderon decided to draw on some 22 000 troops (10% of the Army, made up of some 200 000 soldiers), as well as Federal Agency of Investigation (AFI) and the Police Federal Preventive Police (PFP).

addition, the drug-hit in the whole country, and executions, multiply despite President Calderon joined the cabinet of former administration officials who were protagonists of the "struggle" organized crime, whose experience, he thought it was important to give continuity to the policy against crime.

Such is the case of Eduardo Medina Mora, who during the presidency of Vicente Fox served as director of the Center for Investigation and National Security (CISEN) first, and as Public Security Secretary, later.

The second charge was a tragedy attributed to drug trafficking: the downing of a helicopter and blast-the accident occurred on September 21, 2005 in San Miguel Mimiapan, State of Mexico, which killed several officials Security Cabinet, including Ramon Martin Huerta, who served as Secretary of Public Security.

This case, which showed vulnerability against narco-government and the complicity of senior officials to organized crime, was never resolved. On the contrary, then President Vicente Fox ordered to keep the research for 10 years by invoking "national security reasons."

officials

Now that the book The difference, written by Jorge G. Castillo and Ruben Aguilar, revealed the blunders and hesitations of then-President Vicente Fox to appoint members of his cabinet, becomes relevant the fact that Medina Mora reached Secretariat of Public Security through a recommendation.

According confirmed by Process, Medina Mora became the powerful Security Secretary Public thanks largely to its proximity to María Amparo Casar, who served as chief counsel of the then interior minister, Santiago Creel, former chief of Medina Mora. Creel welcomed him and named him director of the Cisen without considering their lack of experience in intelligence work, since much of his professional career developed as a corporate lawyer Desc company, specializing in creditors and customers profiles (Proceso 1572).

His lack of experience was evident during his tenure as Secretary of Public Security launched unsuccessfully Safe Mexico program to stop drug violence, made changes in the ranks of Federal Preventive Police, rotated to middle and high; corporation wanted to professionalize the police ... But that ended mired in disbelief that seems irreversible.

Despite its flaws, President Felipe Calderón appointed him Attorney General Republic, a post he has been criticized for a lack of articulation of a comprehensive crime policy, which often confronts with the Office of Homeland Security. At the turn of a year in office, the PGR -institution legally empowered to combat organized crime, is reduced to serve as a support piece Army and Navy.

same thing happened with Genaro Garcia Luna, a mechanical engineer by profession, who began his career in the basement of Cisen by Jorge Tello Peon. He was director of the AFI during the Fox regime, and although during that administration was accused of having alleged ties to the Sinaloa cartel (Proceso 1519), President Calderón appointed him secretary of Public Security.

Shortly before the end of the presidency of Fox, García Luna began a strong self-promotion campaign: through the Civil Association Mexico United Against Crime not only spread their "hits" police, but strengthened his appointment in the administration of Felipe Calderón with the publication of the book Against Crime: Why 1.661 corporations which are not enough police?, which explains the breakdown and the vices of the police forces, which now aims to unify.

But during his first year as head of the SSP , García Luna has not been able to overcome the vices and faults that issue in his book. In chapter VII, entitled "Against the crime," Garcia Luna himself recognizes the corruption in police ranks, unsurpassed to date.

Today over 93% of the police in Mexico City and state. In the most efficient models in the world security police is the most important social proximity, same as with training, systems, logistics and advanced methods. In contrast, in our country in general municipal police recorded the greatest conceptual and structural lag, ie corporations that are in direct contact with society are, paradoxically, the most neglected.

This is partly due to the model accepted corruption as a modus operandi. It took the advantage to cohabit with the underworld, the police operation was justified by non-institutional resources. The fact is that the relationship between society and the main point of contact with the authority broke down, sparking a vicious circle: a despised police, without the vigilance and attention it requires for its development and consequently, no ability to prevent and combat crime.

García Luna has failed to solve these old vices, however, have worsened in the first year of the Calderón government, an aggravating factor: the staff has constant confrontations within the SSP and frequent clashes with the Attorney General Eduardo Medina Mora.

The owner of the SSP test has gone on trial in public safety, has rotated to most middle and high and has laid off hundreds of police-mostly because it appealed under were run unreasonably say, "but these measures have not been able to stem the tide of violence plaguing the country.

's not all: at the beginning of this administration, without the approval of Congress, joined Garcia Luna 10 000 military ranks of the PFP and announced plans to unify PFP and the AFI in a single police force. His idea has not been approved.

But more serious are the differences observed in the SSP . For example, in March this year, former official Ardelio Fosado Vargas Cisen was considered key in the SSP - resigned to the ownership of the Federal Police. The reason: his battles with García Luna. Fosado Vargas had to return to the side of his friend Eduardo Medina Mora, who appointed him head of Central Intelligence the PGR.

De 2000 to 2007, the PFP have been discharged 3 000 728 items, according to official data. Among the casualties include 799 for non-compliance of stay, 142 cases of abandonment of employment, resignations 2 000 187 and 254 cases with unspecified complaints.

Staff has been removed includes that same senior police corporals. The list includes 19 commissioners-general, 42 Chief Commissioners, 59 commissioners, 75 inspectors general, 480 sub-inspectors, 107 thousand non-commissioned officers, 316 sergeants first, 217 second and 373 sergeants, corporals, among others.

García Luna trials ranged throughout the year: After a shootout in Cananea, Sonora, between police and suspected Zetas, the holder of the SSP fired about 300 senior and middle of the PFP in the country, loss of confidence. Some agents remain in the institution, presumably because they remain under investigation for alleged ties to organized crime.

Despite his insistence on the project of creating a single police force, something like a National Police with a single command across the country, "the Congress of the Union has not entered the discussion of this project, which is "frozen."

Meanwhile, the drug continues to kill more than ever, without restraint or modesty, and with the utmost cruelty ...